Umfanekiso wegciwane le-COVID-19 liboniswe nge-electron microscope © Shutterstock/Midnight Movement
Izilwane zasendle zinomthelela omuhle ekuqinisekeni kokudla nasezimpilweni zemiphakathi eminingi emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukudla inyama ngendlela ephephile empilweni yabantu, kanye futhi enokusimama emhlanjini yezilwane. I-Covid-19, njenge-Ebola, ibangelwa igciwane elafinyelela kubantu livela kwezinye izilwane. I-Covid-19 mhlawumbe yavela emalulwaneni kanti futhi kungenzeka ukuthi yayisithelele nezinye izilwane zasendle ngaphambi kokuba ifinyelele ebantwini. Amagciwane nama-bacteria afike kubantu evela kwezinye izilwane ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ngesikhathi sokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwaba nenzuzo ezinhle. Ekuqaleni izingxenye zama-cells ethu ayengamabhaktheriya azimele. Noma kunjalo, inqubo yokuzivumelanisa nesimo, ngokwemvelo, ingenzeka kancane futhi ibe yingozi.
Ingozi yokushona ngenxa ye-COVID-19 inkulu kakhulu ebantwini abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka 60 no 70 weminyaka yobudala. Ukuzama ukuphephisa izimpilo zabantu sekuhlukumeze iminyango yezempilo emazweni aneminotho ethuthukile kanti manje loko sekuqala ukwenzeka nasemazweni lapho iminotho isafufusa. Lokhu kuyokuba nemithelela emibi ekongiweni kwemvelo. Omunye waleyo mithelela kuyokuba ukonakala okubanzi kwezindlela zokuziphilisa kwabantu, lapho abantu beyoahlawula ngokusebenzisa nangokudinga ukusebenzisa izinsizakuphila eziningi, bengasakhoni nokuhleze bezisebenzisa ngendlela esimeme. Noma kunjalo, kungenzeka kube nemithelela emihle yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, lapho abantu sebejwayela ukusebenzela emakhaya sebesebenzisa kancane amafutha akudala ekuhambeni ngezimoto amabanga amade.
Izixazululo ezingenamkhawulo
Ama-primates mahle ukuwabuka kepha ayingozi ukuwadla. © Shutterstock/Julian Popov
Kunezinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ngekusasa futhi zithathwe ngokushesha. Kumele sicabangisise kahle, siphinde sigweme ukulimaza imvelo kanye nokuzilimaza thina uqobo. Isibonelo, abanye abantu bathi i-COVID-19 iyisizathu sokuthi abantu bangazidli ezinye izilwane, nama bangasondelani nazo. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane abantu bephila namagciwane kanye namabhaktheria avela ezilwaneni zasendle kanye nakulezo ezifuyiwe, abantu sebaze bawajwayela. Kunezilwanyazana ezingabonakali ngamehlo enyama ezitholakala emizimbeni yethu, ikakhulukazi lezo eziwusizo kithina. Kukho konke esikwenzayo siyathintana nezilwane, kusukela ezinunwini ezitholakala emhlabathini abantwana abakhasa kuwo, kuye ezinyonini nasezilwaneni ezincelisayo ezitholakala emakhaya ethu. Nakuba kunjalo, noma ngabe yikuphi ukudla okuvela endle kubalulekile ukuba kube nempilo kuphinde futhi kuphathwe ngendlela efanele ukuze kungashabalali.
Mayelana nalokhu, kudingeka ukuthi siqaphele ikakhulukazi ngezinto eziphilayo ezihlobene nathi. Nakuba kubukeka sengathi ukubhebhetheka kwezifo ezingumqedazwe akusukeli ezilwaneni ezinegazi elibandayo, njengezinhlanzi kanye nezilwane ezihuquzelayo, ezinye zezifo ezinobungozi obukhulu kithi zithwalwa izilwane ezihlobene kakhulu nabantu (njengama-guerilla nezimfene), kanye nezithwalwa ngamalulwane. Kubukeka kuwukuhlakanipha ukungazidli izilwane ezihlobene kakhulu nabantu kanye nokunciphisa ukuxhumana namalulwane, kanye nendle yawo. Kuwubuwula obukhulu, kanti futhi akunabuntu, ukuthatha izilwane ezincelisayo zasendle ubuye nazo ziphila, uzilethe ezimakethe ezidayisa ukudla. Nakuba kunjalo, ngabe sekufanele kunqantshwe ngokusemthethweni yini ukusondelana nezilwane esesijwayelene nazo, okanye ezingenabungozi bezifo kithi?Akunjalo. Nokwenzenjalo kungaba ubuwula, ikakhulukazi lapho ukuzetshenziswa okulawuliwe kanye nokusimeme kukhuthaza abantu ukuba baphilisane nezinhlobo ezithile zezilwane baphinde futhi balondoloze nezindawo eziphila kuzo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi yisikhathi lapho ukulinyazwa kweminotho kunezezela ingcindezi kwintuthuko engahle ilimaze imvelo. Imvelo yethu idinga konke ukwesekwa engakuthola kubantu abazisa imikhiqizo elethwa ubudlelwano bemvelo ephile kahle.
Izixazululo ezisobala
i COVID-19 iyayizonda insipho! © Shutterstock/Red Confidential
Ngokushesha, okubaluleke kakhulu ukungasabalalisi igciwane ngokuthelela abanye abantu. Ulwazi lwe-biology ye-COVID-19 lusitshela ukuthi uma igciwane lingakhonu ukusabalala phakathi kwabantu, ezindaweni ezinomswakama noma emathonsini amanzi, liyaphela kuleyo ndawo. Ngakho-ke, umuntu ngamunye udinga:
Qhelelana nabantu ukunciphisa ukuthintana negciwane emathonsini asemiphefumulweni yabo.
Ukungazulazuli noma ukungabi sezixukwini, kunciphisa lezi zingozi zombili.
gqoka isimfonyo uma usesixukwini sabantu abaningi ezindaweni ezivalekile noma ezixukwini.
Geza izandla bese uhlandlisisa izindawo ukuvimbela ukudluliseleka kwegciwane emehlweni, emakhaleni noma emlonyeni;